This is called variable assignment, that is, the variable ‘x’ is assigned value ’50’. For example, we can store value ’50’ in a variable called ‘x’. A variable in R can store a value or an object (more on objects later). If you select multiple lines of code in the editor and then hit ctrl/cmd + enter, all of them will run.įor more about RStudio features, including a full list of keyboard shortcuts, head to the online documentation.In R programming, we will be using variables all the time, so it is important to understand what a variable is and how it works in R.Ī variable refers to a named storage that allows us to store data which our R programs can refer to and manipulate. Control + enter (command + enter on a Mac) takes the current line of code in the editor, sends it to the console and executes it.This works only in the interactive console, not in the code editor window. Start typing and hit that key combination, and it shows you a list of every command you've typed starting with those keys. Control + the up arrow (command + up arrow on a Mac) is a similar auto-complete tool.If you start typing in the console or editor and hit the tab key, RStudio will suggest functions or file names simply select the one you want and hit either tab or enter to accept it. Tab is a generic auto-complete function.Wickham, the RStudio chief scientist, says these are the three most important keyboard shortcuts in RStudio: This window also shows external packages (R extensions) that are available on your system, files in your working directory and help files when called from the console. There's a history of previous plots and an option to export a plot to an image file or PDF. The window at bottom right shows a plot if you've created a data visualization with your R code. There's also a history tab with a list of your prior commands what's handy there is that you can select one, some or all of those lines of code and one-click to send them either to the console or to whatever file is active in your code editor. The top right window shows your workspace, which includes a list of objects currently in memory. Any lines of code that are run from the editor window also appear in the console. That's the R code editor allowing you to create a file with multiple lines of R code - or open an existing file - and then run the entire file or portions of it.īottom left is the interactive console where you can type in R statements one line at a time. The top left window is where you'll probably do most of your work. Although you don't need the free RStudio IDE to get started, it makes working with R much easier. I also like its four-pane workspace, which better manages multiple R windows for typing commands, storing scripts, viewing command histories, viewing visualizations and more. It's got useful features you'd expect from a coding platform, such as syntax highlighting and tab for suggested code auto-completion. However, I'd suggest also installing the free R integrated development environment (IDE) RStudio. Installing R is actually all you need to get started. It runs on Windows, OS X and "a wide variety of Unix platforms." To begin using R, head to to download and install R for your desktop or laptop.
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